FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ENSURING INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN TERRITORIAL CLUSTERS: FOREIGN AND RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE
Issue № 1, 2016, article № 13, pages 86-96
Section: Foreign news
Language: Russian
Original language title: ФИНАНСОВО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ В ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫХ КЛАСТЕРАХ: ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ И РОССИЙСКИЙ ОПЫТ
Keywords: INNOVATIVE PROCESSES, TERRITORIAL CLUSTERS, INNOVATIVE TERRITORIAL CLUSTERS, CLUSTER INITIATIVES, CLUSTER POLICY, INNOVATIVE PROJECTS
Abstract: Carrying out cluster policy and its financing in foreign countries differs in a variety of practical approaches and is characterized by lack of a certain tool kit. The experience of foreign countries (the USA, Japan, the People's Republic of China, Switzerland, India) on support of development and financial security of innovative processes in territorial clusters is investigated. The majority of financial forms of support of the clusters which developed in foreign countries are reduced to two directions: financing of costs of innovations; financing of innovative and investment projects of a cluster. In territorial clusters of foreign countries the greatest share is occupied by indirect methods of support of innovative activity, the significant role in development and financing of innovative processes of the companies is played by institutes of development. As positive Russian experience practice of cluster development in subjects of the Volga Federal District, including the Samara region and the Chuvash Republic is investigated. There is a process of formation of financial and economic mechanisms of ensuring innovative processes in territorial clusters in the Russian regions. The state uses mainly indirect measures of support in this connection as the main source of financing of projects means of the enterprises act. The strengths and weaknesses of the subjects of the Volga Federal district on creation of innovative territorial clusters are investigated. More active implementation of innovative processes requires also to increase an investment activity of the enterprises on ensuring requirements of expanded reproduction of national economy. The development of construction and information-technological territorial clusters is revealed. The partnership of the state and the enterprises in a construction cluster can be considered at implementation of joint projects of creation of engineering, transport and social infrastructure.
Authors: Avarskii Nabi Dalgatovich, Pogodina Tatiana Vitalevna, Maniushis Algirdas IUozovich, IUnusov Lenar Albertovich, Tebekin Aleksei Vasilevich